50 questions for children

Q1. When the rectum is seen with a finger, there is no stool in it and it is open, which disease is characteristic for:

rectal polyp;

acute appendicitis;

Meckel's diverticulum;

bowel obstruction;

Q2. Characteristics of the 1st degree of thermal esophagitis:

Catarrhal inflammation of mucous membrane, edema, hyperemia

all layers of carrots

Mucous layer deep

submucosal and muscular

Q3. Which diagnosis should be performed initially in case of acute intestinal obstruction:(select 2 correct answers)

Rectal examination with a finger

Pneumoirrigography

Gastroduodenoscopy

X-ray of the abdominal cavity

Q4. In the child, according to the anamnesis, stool did not come for 2 days. Abdomen is relaxed, soft to palpation, "mud" symptom is positive. A tympanic sound in percussion.Peristalsis increased during auscultation. Your diagnosis

Obturative bowel obstruction

Paralytic intestinal obstruction

Strangulation bowel obstruction

Intestinal intussusception

Q5. Complications after Soave surgery include:

intestinal stenosis between futlyar;

all of the above.

futlyar interval abscess;

violation of sensitivity of the rectum;

Q6. When bleeding is suspected in peptic esophagitis, it is necessary to check:

Radioisotope testing;

Laparoscopy;

Dopplerography and UTT of the portal vein system;

FEGDS;

Q7. Amount of alcohol taken per kg of weight for sclerotherapy in rectal prolapse in children:

0.8 ml;

0.4 ml;

0.2 ml;

1.4 ml;

Q8. Cause of false cryptorchidism:

Violation of the process of descent of the testicle

Hormonal disorders at the pituitary-hypothalamus level

Increaseds cremasteric muscle reflex

Antenatal pathology

Q9. In what time is the X-ray examination method used in the diagnosis and treatment of intussusception:

12 - 24 hours

24 - 36 hours

10 - 12 hours

36 - 48 hours

Q10. The patient was diagnosed with intestinal intussusception. It's been 20 hours since the onset of the disease, your tactics:

gastroenterography

colonoscopy

irrigography

urgent laparotomy;

Q11. Examination method in liver injuries

Esophagoscopy

Laparoscopy

Portoscopy

Gastroscopy

Q12. Which drug has mucolytic properties:

Potassium iodine

Penicillin.

Analgin.

Kontrikal.

Q13. The patient has vaginal ectopia of the accessory ureter and advanced ureterohydronephrosis, the contralateral kidney is functioning normally, determine the rational treatment method

geminefrureterectomy

nephrectomy

heminephrectomy

to strengthen the additional ureter to krvuk

Q14. Etiological factor of pylorospasm:

Genetic defect in the pyloric area;

Pyloric membranous stenosis;

Hypersympatheticotonia;

Pyloric peptic stenosis;

Q15. Cause of Obturaston intestinal obstruction (find the wrong one)

itobezoar

appendicitis

Meckel's diverticulum

worm intussusception

Q16. What is the reason for the development of unstretched testicles in children under 1.5 years of age:

Increased intra-abdominal pressure

Non-healing of the vaginal tumor of the peritoneum

Urinary tract infection

Disproportion of lymph and blood vessels

none of these

Q17. In which disease "raspberry jelly" is separated from the rectum:

in stomach and 12-finger intestinal ulcer

in portal hypertension

intestinal intussusception

In Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Q18. Which examination method is informative in case of congenital intestinal obstruction

percussion

ultrasound examination

X-ray of the abdominal cavity

palpation

Q19. In young children, iodine bodies often stop in which part of the esophagus and cause respiratory failure

In the field of first physiological narrowing

In the area of the third physiological narrowing

In the field of secondary physiological narrowing

In the middle of the Red Ten

Q20. Acute catarrhal appendicitis in babies has the following symptoms: (select 2 correct answers)

Shetkin-Blumberg

Kocher-Volkovich

Murphy

Filatov

Bartome-Michelson

Q21. Duration of operative treatment of scrotum and spermatic cord syndrome:

after diagnosis;

at +6 months;

after 5 years;

after 1.5 years;

Q22. Which includes infravesical obstruction

chronic pyelonephritis

paraphimosis

phimosis

ureterocele

Q23. A common complication after intermediate proctoplasty?

inability to hold waste

Urinary atony

chronic constipation

anal stenosis

Q24. Indication for barium contrast examination of the esophagus, except for the following?

esophageal atresia

achalasia of the cardia

fistulas

cardia chalasia

Q25. Instruction for urgent operative treatment: (select 2 answers)

cryptogenic peritonitis

renal colic

in constipation

acute appendicitis

mesadenitd

Q26. The main method of treatment for esophageal scar narrowing?

threading

direct boiling

boil through a gastrostomy

esophagoscopy

Q27. Which method is not an endoscopic method:

irrigography

kolonoscopy

laparoscopy

Esophagoscopy

Q28. Esophageal atresia and fistula are manifested by the following.

Foamy discharge from the mouth

shortness of breath

return with boiled milk

abdominal swelling

Q29. It is determined by perforation of a vermiform tumor: (select 2 correct answers)

Leukocytopenia

sudden pain in the right flank, against the background of the abatement of pain during the development of gangrene

muscle tension on the right side of the anterior abdominal wall, then spreading the tension to other areas

constipation

Decreased body temperature

Q30. Diagnosis of intestinal intussusception in children: (select 2 correct answers)

Rectoscopy

rectal finger examination

JKT passage

Pneumoirrigography

Q31. A 6-month-old baby suddenly developed abdominal pain. Posted by Kayt, garbage collection is being observed. During rectal drying, mucous discharge mixed with blood is detected. Your presumptive diagnosis:

Meckel diverticulum

opening of the posterior anal opening

intestinal intussusception

rectal polyp

Q32. What kind of sputum is typical for Kartagener's syndrome:

Purulent.

Slimy.

Sputum is not observed.

Bloody.

Q33. The patient is 8 months old. Clinic of intestinal intussusception. The duration of the disease is 9 hours. Optimal inspection method

colonoscopy;

laparoscopy

barium irrigography

air irrigography

Q34. The most common complication of echinococcal cysts in children

suppuration

calcification

rupture (perforation)

bleeding

Q35. The most common hernia in childhood?

Inguinal hernia

sliding hernia

thigh hernia

umbilical hernia

Q36. PATHOLOGY: Treatment: 1. Girschprung's disease 2. Dolichosigma 3. Functional constipation A. Conservative treatment B. Surgery when conservative treatment fails V. Operative treatment

1B, 2A, 3V

1B, 2V, 3A

1A, 2V, 3B

1V, 2B, 3A

1A, 2B, 3V

Q37. Yellowness is not observed when the path does not end: (select 3 answers)

Meckel's diverticulum

Full fistula of the navel

polycystosis

incorrect fistula of the navel

urinary fistula

Q38.

Q39. It is determined by perforation of a vermiform tumor: (select 2 correct answers)

muscle tension on the right side of the anterior abdominal wall, then spreading the tension to other areas

Leukocytopenia

Decreased body temperature

sudden pain in the right flank, against the background of the abatement of pain during the development of gangrene

constipation

Q40. Dysuria is common in children

polycystic

nephroptosis

for urolithiasis

hydronephrosis

Q41. Cervical tumor is detected by puncture: (select 2 answers)

muscle tension on the right side of the anterior abdominal wall, then spreading the tension to other areas

Decreased body temperature

increased abdominal rest

Leukocytosis

pain in the right side area during the day, against the background of pain reduction during the development of gangrene

Q42. Congenital short esophagus symptom

cyanosis, panting after eating

swelling in the epigastric branch

"hourglass" symptom

Vomiting mixed with blood many times

Q43. Acute phlegmonous appendicitis in children has the following symptoms: (select 2 answers)

Rovzing

Filatov

Shetkin-Blumberg

Murphy

Q44. Show the types of cryptorchidism (select 2 answers)

chest

chow

abdominal

under the chest

over the span

Q45. Which type of abdominal palpation is used to diagnose the inflammation of a vermiform tumor?

comparison

deep

superficial

manual

Q46. Characteristic of bleeding in rupture of posterior orifice.

"Black oily" feces

After the act of defecation, a few drops of pink blood are released

The feces have not changed

"Raspberry jelly" colored feces

Q47. Which of the following developmental defects in children is always accompanied by urinary incontinence:

none of these

Intermediate type of hypospadias

Posterior urethral valve

Subsymphyseal epispadias

Q48. The patient is 24 weeks old. Abdominal pain, vomiting, and a large amount of blood is detected during rectal examination. The duration of the disease is 12 hours. Diagnosis

Intestinal infection

Acute appendicitis

appendicular infiltrate

Intestinal intussusception

Q49. What disease is characterized by the inability to urinate with dropsy when the kidney is full

ectopic ureterocele

ectopy of the accessory urethra in girls

lateral ureteral criuk, ectopia

ectopy of the accessory urethra in boys

Q50. In the X-ray image of the child, the horizontal bone level, partially collapsed lungs, the organs of the thoracic cavity have not moved. Diagnosis:

pyopneumothorax

tension pyopneumothorax

tension pneumothorax

non-tension pneumothorax