Skip to main content

Anatomy of Humerous

 Humerus Introduction.

What is Humerus?

→ Humerus is the largest bone of the upper extremity and it defines the human brachium (arm)

ot proximally articulates with Scapula at the glenoid cavity forming the glenohumeral joint (ball and Socket joint)

distally with radius and ulna at the elbow joint (Hinge joint).

the Humerus provides an attachment site for all the rotator cuff muscles

What are the three Parts of Humerus?





proximal Landmarks of Humerous

  1. Head
  2. anatomical neck
  3. surgical neck
  4. greater tuberosity
  5. lesser tuberosity
  6. intertubercular sulcus





Head

  1. it is at the upper end of humorous
  2. it faces medially, upwards, and backward
  3. it is separated from the greater and lesser tuberosity by the anatomical neck

Greater Tuberosity

  • laterally located on the humerus
  • it has 2 surfaces the anterior and the posterior
  • it serves as the attachment of 3 of the rotator cuff muscles
    • supraspinatus - superior facet
    • infraspinatus - middle facet
    • teres minor - inferior facet

Lesser Tuberosity

  • medially located
  • it provides attachment for the 4th rotator cuff - the subscapularis

intertubercular sulcus

  • it separates the 2 tuberosities as its name implies

  • the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii runs through this groove

  • the edges are known as the lips

    • teres major -medially
    • pectoralis major- laterally
    • latissimus dorsi- in between the teres major and pectoralis major .

    the surgical neck

    • The axillary nerve and circumflex humeral Vessels lie against the bone here
    • The surgical neck is the most common site of fracture

    Shaft

    • Site of attachment for various muscles

    • Circular proximally and flat distally

    • Deltoid tuberosity lateral side of the Humoral Shaft - deltoid muscle attaches to it

    • radial groove

      • posteriors Surface of the humerus
      • Parallel to the deltoid tuberosity
      • The radial artery and profunda brachii Iie here
      • Anteriorly
        • coracobrachialis
        • deltoid
        • brachialis
        • brachioradialis
      • Posteriorly
        • the medial and lateral head of heads of the triceps

      The distal part of the Humerus

      1. lateral supraepicondylar ridges
        1. rough
        2. provide site of attachment to forearm extensors
      2. medial supraepicondylar ridges
      3. lateral and medial epicondyle
      4. capitulum
      5. trochlea
      6. coronoid fossa
      7. radila fossa
      8. olecranon fossa

    the proximal head of humerus attaches to the radius and ulna

    • capitulum - head of the radius
    • trochlea - trochlear notch of the ulna


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Local Anesthesia

all the local anesthetics are Basic Drugs  local anesthetics cross the membrane in non ionized  for and block the Na channels in ionized  form  local anesthetics are of 2 types  Ester and Amide but the name of both type of local anesthetics end with  CAINE [ad]   mechanism of action of local anesthesia   Ester                                      Amide  cocaine                                     lignocaine procaine                                         bupivacaine chlorprocaine       ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Drug Overdose and Poisoning

 Poisoning of some Drugs poisoning caused by some drugs and how to deal with them 1. Poisoning with muscarine: Symptoms:   miosis,  blurred vision,  increased salivation,  excessive sweating,  lacrimation,  bronchial secretions,  bronchoconstriction,  bradycardia,  abdominal cramping,  increased gastric acid secretion,  diarrhea and polyuria (it might cause also tremor, convulsions and hypothermia). Miosis A s we all are well aware that muscarine is a acetylcholine agonist which in turn stimulates the cholinergic receptors which are an integral part of Parasympathetic post synaptic receptors and sympathetic sweat receptors all are triggered by acetyl choline agonist muscarine leading to all the above mentioned symptoms and so to treat it we use a Acetylcholine Antagonist which block the channels that are being stimulated leading to the blockage of all the response of the choline related reactions. Treatment:  The dru...
Post a Comment
Read more

Study Rant

  See, the thing I am gonna rant about Right now is that we are expected to be good at studies. Like really good, and the fact is that as we all know most people don't like studying and that's a fact.  Yeah, some people like to study, but they are not a lot as compared to the majority of us. those people who like doing other things. But the problem is, that we need to study, and it is a necessity if we want to succeed.  To those who say that many people are successful or did succeed at what they did without studies or education, then my friend you are in the wrong cause, those people did not succeed without studies or education, they did get an education, just not the regular way not the ideal way, but they did gain in-depth knowledge of their respective fields, and then they succeeded, so you have to study in some way to succeed at what it is they are doing, and it's up to you to figure out the way you want to, cause everyone has their own way, has something they like an...
Post a Comment
Read more